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Evers, Charles

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■略年表

1922-


1963 アラバマ州バーミンガムで「C計画運動」と呼ばれる熾烈な差別撤廃闘争

19630611の夜 ケネディ大統領:全国民に対して早急に新しい公民権法案を議会に提出することをTVで約束。
19630612(0611の深夜) 実弟メドガー・エヴァーズ:自宅前で銃殺
19630619 ケネディ大統領:実際に新しい公民権法案を議会に提出
19631122 ケネディ大統領:テキサス州ダラスで遊説中に暗殺

19640712 ジョンソン大統領の署名により、新しい公民権法成立

★196801 ミシシッピー州の第三区から連邦下院議員選挙に立候補し、その際にプログラムの一つとして「ワークフェア」を考案する。

196905 ミシシッピー州フェーエット市の市長に立候補。
19690603 ミシシッピー州フェーエット市の市長の選挙日 → 433票対264票で当選。
19690707 ミシシッピー州フェーエット市の市長に就任。

1971  ミシシッピー州知事に立候補。


■関連文献

◆Canzoneri, Robert, 196807, "Charles Evers: Mississippi's Representative Man?," Harper's magazine, 237(1418): 67-74.
◆Chasteen, Edgar, 1969, "Public Accommodations: Social Movements in Conflict," Phylon, 30(3): 234-50.
◆Fax, Elton C., 1970, Contemporary Black Leaders, HarperCollins. x+243p ISBN: 0815203381 [amazon] cf Schomburg
★Lewis, David L., 1971, King: A Critical Biography, Baltimore, Maryland: Penguin Books. 12+460p
cf first edition, 1970, ASIN: B000J6GC20 [amazon]
◆Schloat, W., 1971, The Fayette Story, Pleasantville, NY: Warren Schloat Productions, [motion picture]. cf Schomburg
◆Evers, Charles, 1971, Evers, edited and with an Introduction by Grace Halsell, New York and Cleveland: The World Publishing Company. 12+196p
◆Ross, David F., 197101, "Public Employment and the New Segregation in the South," Growth and Change, 2(1): 29-33.
◆Haskins, James, 1972, A Piece of the Power: Four Black Mayors, Dial Press. 174p ASIN: B0006C319O [amazon] cf Schomburg
◆Duckett, Alfred, 1972, Changing of the guard: the New Breed of Black Politicians, New York: Coward, McCann & Geoghegan. [amazon] cf Schomburg
◆Harris, Johnny L., 197206, A Historical Analysis of Educational, Economic and Political Changes in Fayette, Mississippi from 1954 to 1971, A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Adult Education in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The Florida State University College of Education. 6+172p
◆Holmes, Robert A., 1973, "Black Politics in the 1970s: A Review Essay," Phylon, 34(1): 96-104.
◆Morrison, KC and Joe C. Huang, 197304, "The Transfer of Power in a Mississippi Town," Growth and Change, 4(2): 25-9.
◆Salamon, Lester M. and Stephen Van Evera, 197312, "Fear, Apathy, and Discrimination: A Test of Three Explanations of Political Participation," The American Political Science Review, 67(4): 1288-1306.
◆Williams, T. Harry, 197312, "Huey, Lyndon, and Southern Radicalism," The Journal of American History, 60(2): 267-93.
◆Kernell, Sam, 197312, "Comment: A Re-evaluation of Black Voting in Mississippi," The American Political Science Review, 67(4): 1307-18.
◆Campbell, David and Joe R. Feagin, 197502, "Black Politics in the South: A Descriptive Analysis," The Journal of Politics, 37(1): 129-62.
◆Joint Economic Committee, 19760107, Mississippi Economic Growth Programs: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Economic Growth of the Joint Economic Committee, Congress of the United States, Ninety-fourth Congress, First Session, Washington: U. S. Government Printing Office.
◆McMillen, Neil R., 197708, "Black Enfranchisement in Mississippi: Federal Enforcement and Black Protest in the 1960s," The Journal of Southern History, 43(3): 351-72.
◆Berry, Jason, 1978, Amazing Grace: with Charles Evers in Mississippi, 2nd ed, New York: Saturday Review Press. 29+370p [Amazon]
◆Piven, Frances Fox and Richard A. Cloward, 1979, Poor People's Movements: Why They Succeed, How They Fail, New York: Vintage books. 24+383p $14.75 ISBN-10: 0394726979 [Amazon]
cf 1977, 1st ed edition, Pantheon Books
◆Allen, Michael, 198004, "Writing Away from Fear: Mina Shaughnessy and the Uses of Authority," College English, 41(8): 857-67.
◆Moore, Raymond S., 1982, "Research (and Common Sense: Therapies for Our Homes and Schools," Teachers College Record, 84(2): 354-77.
◆Williams, T. Harry and Estelle Williams, 198312, The Selected Essays of T. Harry Williams, Louisiana State University Press. 288p ISBN: 0807125148 [amazon]
◆198404, "The Grapevine," Growth and Change, 11(2): 59-64.
◆Morrison, Minion K. C., 1985, "Preconditions for Afro-American Leadership: Three Mississippi Towns," Polity, 17(3): 504-29.
◆Colby, David C., 198506, "Black Power, White Ressistance, and Public Policy: Political Power and Poverty Program Grants in Mississippi," The Journal of Politics, 47(2): 579-95.
◆Killian, Lewis M., 198511, White Southerners, University of Massachusetts Press, Revised edition. 216p ISBN: 0870234889 [amazon]
◆Till, Thomas E., 198604, "The Share of Southeastern Black Counties in the Southern Rural Renaissance," Growth and Change, 17(2): 44-55.
◆Morrison, Minion K. C., 198708, Black Political Mobilization: Leadership, Power, and Mass Behavior (S U N Y Series in Afro-American Studies), State University of New York Press. ISBN: 0887065155 [amazon]
◆Litwack, Leon F. 198712, "Trouble in Mind: The Bicentennial and the Afro-American Experience," The Journal of American History, 74(2): 315-37.
◆McMillen, Neil R., 19890401, Dark Journey: Black Mississippians in the Age of Jim Crow, University of illinois Press. 464p ISBN: 025206156X [Amazon]
◆Parker, Frank R., 1990, Black Votes Count: Political Empowerment in Mississippi After 1965, The University of North Carolina Press. 272p ISBN: 0807842745 [Amazon]
◆Murray, Albert, 199004, The Omni-Americans: Some Alternatives to the Folklore of White Supremacy (Da Capo Press Paperback), Da Capo Press, Reprint edition. 227p ISBN: 030680395X [amazon]
◆Cobb, James C., 199012, ""Somebody Done Nailed Us on the Cross": Federal Farm and Welfare Policy and the Civil Rights Movement in the Mississippi Delta," The Journal of American History, 77(3): 912-36.
◆Krane, Dale and Stephen D. Shaffer, 199205, Mississippi Government & Politics: Modernizers Versus Traditionalists (the Politics and Governments of the American States Series), Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press. 20+367p ISBN: 080327758X [amazon]
◆Cobb, James C., 19921001, The Most Southern Place on Earth: The Mississippi Delta and the Roots of Regional Identity, Oxford University Press, USA. 416p ISBN: 0195045408 [amazon]
★Dittmer, John, 1994, Local People: the Struggle for Civil Rights in Mississippi, Urbana: University of Illinois Press. 530p ISBN-10: 0252021029 [amazon]
cf wiki
◆1995, "Records of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, 1954.1970"
◆Massengill, Reed, 1996,Portrait of a Racist: The Real Life of Byron De La Beckwith, New York: St. Martin's Griffin. x+403p (cf original 1994)
◆Lamarche, Gara, 199606, Speech & Equality: Do We Really Have to Choose?, New York University Press. 164p ISBN: 0814751059 [amazon]
◆Marable, Manning, 199610, Speaking Truth to Power: Essays on Race, Resistance, and Radicalism, Westview Press. 292p ISBN: 0813388279 [amazon]
◆Smith, Robert Charles, 19961101, We Have No Leaders: African Americans in the Post-Civil Rights Era, SUNY Press. 396p ISBN: 0791431355 [Amazon]
◆Evers, Charles and Andrew Szanton, 19961119, Have no fear: the Charles Evers story, New York and Tront: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 18+333p [Amazon]
◆Forman, James, 199710, The Making of Black Revolutionaries, University of Washington Press. 568p ISBN: 0295976594 [amazon]
◆Andrews, Kenneth T., 199710, "The Impacts of Social Movements on the Political Process: The Civil Rights Movement and Black Electoral Politics in Mississippi," American Sociological Review, 62(5): 800-19.
◆Simmons, Charles A., 199712, The African American Press: A History of News Coverage During National Crises, With Special Reference to Four Black Newspapers, 1827-1965, McFarland & Company. ISBN: 078640387X [amazon]
◆Jeffries, Judson L., 1998, "Blacks and High Profile Statewide Office: 1966-1996," The Western Journal of Black Studies, 22. http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&se=gglsc&d=5001450071&er=deny
◆Dickerson, James, 199810, Dixie's Dirty Secret: The True Story of How the Government, the Media, and the Mob Conspired to Combat Integration and the Vietnam Antiwar Movement, M.E. Sharpe. 249p ISBN: 0765603403 [amazon]
◆Beito, David T., 199902, "Black Freternal Hospitals in the Mississippi Delta, 1942-1967," The Journal of Southern History, 65(1): 109-40.
◆Chatham, James O., 199911, Sundays Down South: A Pastor's Stories (Folklife in the South Series), University Press of Mississippi. ISBN: 157806175X [amazon]
◆Dellums, Ronald V. and H. Lee Halterman, 199912, Lying Down With the Lions: A Public Life from the Streets of Oakland to the Halls of Power, Beacon Press. 220p ISBN: 0807043184 [amazon]
◆Feldman, Glenn, 2000, "Dixie's Dirty Secret: The True Story of How the Government, the Media, and the Mob Conspired to Combat Integration and the Vietnam Antiwar Movement," Journal of Southern History, 66.
◆Beito, David T., 20000101, From Mutual Aid to the Welfare State: Fraternal Societies and Social Services, 1890-1967, University of North Carolina Press. 320p ISBN: 080782531X [Amazon]
◆Jeffries, Judson L. and J. L. Jeffries, 200009, Virginia's Native Son: The Election and Administration of Governor L. Douglas Wilder, Purdue University Press. 148p ISBN: 1557532001 [amazon]
◆Stake, Jeffrey E., 2001, "Are We Buyers or Hosts?: A Memetic Approach to the First Amendment" http://www.indiana.edu/~workshop/papers/stake012901.pdf
◆Peck, Jamie, 20010212, Workfare states, New York: The Guilford Press.
◆Mohl, Raymond A., 2002, "The Interstates and the Cities: Highways, Housing, and the Freeway Revolt," Research Report, Poverty and Race Research Action Council 2002.
http://www.prrac.org/pdf/mohl.pdf
◆Jeffries, Judson L. 2002, "Press Coverage of Black Statewide Candidates: The Case of L. Douglas Wilder of Virginia," Journal of Black Studies, 32(6): 673-97.
◆Umoja, Akinyele Omowale, 200201, ""We will Shoot Back": The Natchez Model and Paramilitary Organization in the Mississippi Freedom Movement," Journal of Black Studies, 32(3): 271-94.
★Jeffries, Judson L., 200205, Huey P. Newton: The Radical Theorist, University Press of Mississippi. 195p ISBN: 1578064325 [amazon]
◆Kaminer, Wendy, 20020915, Free For All: Defending Liberty in America Today, Beacon Press. 208p ISBN: 0807044113 [amazon]
◆Wormser, Richard, 200302, The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow, New York: St. Martin's Press. $17.95 224p ISBN-10: 0312313268 [amazon]
◆Baker, C. Edwin, 20030131, "Genocide, Press Freedom, and the Case of Hassan Ngeze," Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper Series Research Paper No. 46, University of Pennsylvania Law School. http://lsr.nellco.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1004&context=upenn/wps
◆Wormser, Richard, 20030205, The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow, New York: St. Martin's Press. 224p ISBN: 0312313241 [amazon]
◆Singh, Robert, 20030224, American Government and Politics: A Concise Introduction, Sage Publications Ltd. 342p ISBN: 0761940944 [amazon]
◆Campbell, Will D., 200303, Robert G. Clark's Journey to the House: A Black Politician's Story, University Press of Mississippi. 166p ISBN: 1578065267 [amazon]
◆Grimsley, Wayne, 200305, James B. Hunt: A North Carolina Progressive, McFarland & Company. 293p ISBN: 0786416076 [amazon]
◆Newman, Mark, 200310, Divine Agitators: The Delta Ministry and Civil Rights in Mississippi, University of Georgia Press. 360p ISBN: 0820325325 [amazon]
◆Lawson, Steven F., 200311, Civil Rights Crossroads: Nation, Community, and the Black Freedom Struggle, University Press of Kentucky. 344p ISBN: 0813122872 [amazon]
◆Light, Jennifer S., 20031224, From Warfare to Welfare: Defense Intellectuals and Urban Problems in Cold War America, The Johns Hopkins University Press. 304p ISBN: 080187422X [amazon]
★Beito, David T. and Linda Royster Beito, 2004, "T.R.M. Howard: Pragmatism over Strict Integrationist Ideology in the Mississippi Delta, 1942-1954," Feldman, Glenn ed., Before Brown: Civil Rights and White Backlash in the Modern South, Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press. 448p ISBN-10: 0817351345 $27.95 [amazon]
cf wiki
◆Jeffries, Judson L., 2004, "Local News Coverage of the Black Panther Party: An Analysis of the Baltimore, Cleveland, and New Orleans Press," Journal of African American Studies, 7(4): 19-38.
◆Classen, Steven D., 200403, Watching Jim Crow: The Struggles over Mississippi Tv, 1955-1969, Duke University Press. 248p ISBN: 0822333414 [amazon]
◆Levy, Robert A., 20041125, Shakedown: How Corporations, Government, and Trial Lawyers Abuse the Judicial Process, Cato Institute. 224p ISBN: 1930865619 [amazon]
★Crosby, Emilye, 2005, A Little Taste of Freedom: The Black Freedom Struggle in Claiborne County, Mississippi(The John Hope Franklin Series in African American History and Culture), Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. xv+354p. ISBN: 080785638X [amazon]look cf Schomburg
◆Smolla, Rodney A., 2005, "Context and Context: The Contributions of William Van Alstyne to First Amendment Interpretation"https://www.law.duke.edu/journals/dlj/articles/dlj54p1623.htm
◆Klopfer, Susan, Fred Klopfer and Barry Klopfer, 20050913, Where Rebels Roost... Mississippi Civil Rights Revisited, Lulu.com. 684p ISBN: 1411641027 [amazon]
◆Witcover, Jules, 20051112, The Making of an Ink-Stained Wretch: Half a Century Pounding the Political Beat, The Johns Hopkins University Press. 368p ISBN: 0801882478 [amazon]
◆Austin, Sharon D. Wright, 20060701, The Transformation of Plantation Politics: Black Politics, Concentrated Poverty, And Social Capital in the Mississippi Delta (Suny Series in African American Studies), State University of New York Press. 247p ISBN: 0791468011 [amazon]
◆Worgs, Donn C. 200609, "“BEWARE OF THE FRUSTRATED . . .”: The Fantasy and Reality of African American Violent Revolt," Journal of Black Studies, 37(1): 20-45.
★Payne, Charles, 200702, I've Got the Light of Freedom: The Organizing Tradition and the Mississippi Freedom Struggle, 2nd edition, Berkeley: University of California Press. 576p ISBN-10: 0520251768 $24.95 [amazon]
 cf 1st edition=1996, wiki


■リンク

◆New York Public Library
http://www.nypl.org/index.html
◇Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture
http://www.nypl.org/research/sc/sc.html
・CATNYP: The Research Libraries Online Catalog
http://catnyp.nypl.org/

◆WMPR-FM Radio Station:エヴァーズの経営するコミュニティー・ラジオ
http://www.wmpr901.com/c_evers.php

◆Charles Evers, The Mississippi Writers and Musicians Project of Starkville High School
http://www.shs.starkville.k12.ms.us/mswm/MSWritersAndMusicians/writers/evers.html


◆natchez democrat
http://www.natchezdemocrat.com/
◆clarionledger
http://www.clarionledger.com/apps/pbcs.dll/frontpage
◆growth and change
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/loi/grow
・Search
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/search


■インタビュー

"CHARLES EVERS ORAL HISTORY, INTERVIEW I"
http://www.lbjlib.utexas.edu/Johnson/archives.hom/oralhistory.hom/Evers-C/evers1.pdf

"Interview with Honorable Charles Evers : mayor of Fayette, Mississippi"
http://anna.lib.usm.edu/~spcol/crda/oh/oheverscp.html


■NAACPのマイクロフィルム@THe Schomburg Clipping File

◆19600311, "A Close Vote 'Possible' In Mississippi Runoff," New York Post.
◆19630607, "Evers' Brother Is named To Post in Mississippi," New York Times.
◆Kirk, Don, 19630622, "Mississippi Fighter," New York Post.
◆19641214, "Brother of Evers Links Killings to Vote Campaign," New York Post.
◆Roberts, Gene, 19650910, "May Oust Evers as Aide in Mississippi," New York Times.
◆Reed, Roy, 19651225, "Negro Aide Defies Armed White Men: Syas Violence in Mississippi Will Be Met With Violence," New York Times.
◆Poston, Ted, 19670316, "Mississippi Leader," New York Post.
◆19670626, "Black Power Drive Scored by Evers," New York Post.
◆Evans, Rowland and Robert Novak, 19670828, "Evers and the Vote," New York Post.
◆19680126, "Mississippi Seat Sought By Evers: Rights Leader in Congress: Race for William's Post," New York Times.
◆Delaughter, Jerry, 19680126, "Evers Seeking Congressional Seat in Miss.," New York Post.
◆Poston, Ted, 19680208, "Ex-Sen. Douglas Helping Raise Funds for Evers' Congress Race," New York Post.
★19680222, "Evers Sees Victory in Mississippi Race," New York Post.
◆Kneeland, Douglas E., 19680225, "Evers House Race in Mississippi Election Tuesday Disturbs Moderates," New York Times.
◆Mancini, Joseph, 19680228, "Evers Says He'll Win in Runoff, Too," New York Post.
◆Kneeland, Douglas E., 19680228, "Evers Tops Whites in Mississippi Race," New York Times.
◆Kneeland, Douglas E., 19680229, "Defeat of Evers in Runoff Likely," New York Times.
◆19680301, "Evers Askas Study of Mississippi Law," Times(おそらくNew York Times)
◆19680303, "Evers Means Hope in Mississippi," New York Times.
◆19680304, "Gun Duel at Evers' Home," New York Post.
◆19680305, "Evers Suspect Sent to Juvenile Court," New York Times.
◆Franklin, Ben A., 19680311, "Subpoena Calls Evers from His District on Last Day of Mississippi Campaign," New York Times.
◆Franklin, Ben A., 19680312, "Court Lets Evers Finish Campaign: Subopena Off for Election in Mississippi Today," New York Times.
◆19680313, "Evers to Run Again After 2-1 Loss," New York Post.
◆Franklin, Ben A., 19680313, "Evers Defeated in Mississippi Bid: Criffin Elected Over Negro in Congressional Contest," New York Times.
◆Rugaber, Walter, 19680804, "We Can't Cuss White People Any More. It's in Our Hands Now," The New York Times Magazine
◆19680811(?), "Evers, Charles," New York Times Magazine.(cf 19660811, p234かも)
◆19680927(?), "Evers to Speak for Humphrey," New York Times.
◆19690429, "Evers Jailed in Mississippi Court Dispute," New York Post.
◆19690430, "Evers Arrested in South,"
◆19690514, "Charles Evers talks with New York's Paul O'dwyer, who came down to Fayette, Miss., to help the NAACP leader in his successful bid to become the first Negro Mayor in the town of 2,000 Story on Page 2." (Photograph)
◆Nelson, Jack, 19690515, "Miss. Glares & Glows Over Evers," New York Post.
◆19690614, "He Talk of The Town," The New Yorker.
◆1969071-15, "A Milestone in the Negro Revolution: Charles Evers, right, is being sworn in as Mayor of Fayette, Miss., the first Negro to head the gobernment of a biracial community in Mississippi since the Reconstruction Era." Index, New York Times.(Photograph)
◆Reed, Roy, 19690914, "Race Relations: Fayette, the Whites Blinked in Disbelief," New York Times.
◆19690915, "Black Mayor in Mississippi," Scholostic Scope.
◆19691130, "When Elected O/// Must Be Trained ///," reprinted from The Sunday Star.
◆Sloane, Leonard, 19700402, "Evers Asks Whites to Aid the Growth of South's Industry," New York Times.
◆Wooten, James T., 19700708, "Evers Brings Hope and Jobs In Year as Fayette's Mayor," New York Times.
◆Poston, Ted, 19700708, "Vintage Year for Fayette," New York Post.
◆19700713, "Civil Rights: An End to Patience," Newsweek.
◆19700714, ///, Look.
◆Goodman, George, "After a year as Mississippi's first black mayor since Reconstruction days, Charles Evers is "Black, Sassy and Still Tryin' to Be Independent"," (photographs by Hap Stewart)
◆////, "Brothers and Sisters, just Keep on Pushin', 'Cause it's going to take money and votes."
◆Carter, Philip D., 19710412, "Evers: I Ran Numbers & Booze & Pimped," New York Post.
◆Goldman, Peter, 19710426, "Mississippi: Evers's Confession," //
◆Maxwell, Neil, 19710520, "The Bookshelf," Wall Street Journal.
◆Johnston Jr., Ernest, 19710602, "Evers HQ for Miss. Drive Here," //
◆19710629, "Notes on People: Evers Urge Votes for Segregationist Foe,"///
◆197110, "Play Boy Interview: Charles Evers, a candid conversation with the mayor of fayette, the first black candidate for governor in mississippi history and the k.k.k.'s latest public enemy number one," ///
◆Powers, Thomas, 19721026(?), "Letter from A Lost Campaign: The unreporeted story of Charles Evers' race for the Mississippi governorship," ///
◆19741027, "Evers Is Accused of Tapping Funds: U.S. Alleges Fayette, Miss., Mayor Diverted Money," New York Times.
◆Poston, Ted, ////, "Mississippi Candidate," ///
◆///, ///, "We're on Our Way...: Charles Evers Mayor of Fayette, A Porgress Report on the Fayette Experiment," ///
◆///, ////,"Fayette Is Getting Itself Together," Medgar Evers Fund, Inc.
◆///, ////, "Fayette's Newest Challenge: Decent Housing for All," Medgar Evers Fund, Inc.
◆///, ////, "Mississippi Smiles on Chalres Evers," ///


■THe Schomburg Clipping File: Part 2, 1975-1988

◆19780403(?), "Welcome New Game," News World.
◆Waldman, Myron S., 19781031, "Changing Times in Mississippi," Newday.
◆Perry, James M., 19781102(?), "Is Mississippi Ready for A Balck Senator? If So, It's Found Him: Charles Evers Wows the Right By Backing School Prayer, Blasting Welfare, Busing," The Wall Street Journal.
◆19781107, モハメドアリの応援メッセージ, New York Times.
◆19781114, "Evers Fought the Good Fight," New World Forum.
◆Johnson, Thomas A., 19790129, "Evers Forms Independent Coalition to Influence Politics in Mississippi: The Mayor of Fayette Declares 'I'll Be a Renegade' as Nearly 700, Most of Them Blacks, Join His Group," New York Times.
◆Gross, Ken, 19800316, "A Lowenstein Campaign for a Lost Cause," Longisland Newsdat.


*作成:小林勇人
UP:20061015 REV:1026, 1228, 20070106,10,12, 0718, 1010, 20100107
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