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Differences and Equalities:
Disability and Care / Paid Work and Unpaid Work

TATEIWA Shin'ya & HOTTA Yoshitaro June 10, 2012 Seidosha, 342+17p.
[Japanese] / [Korean]



Front Cover of 『Differences and Equalities: Disability and Care / Paid Work and Unpaid Work』


TATEIWA Shin'ya & HOTTA Yoshitaro June 10, 2012 Differences and Equalities: Disability and Care / Paid Work and Unpaid Work, Seidosha, 342+17p. ISBN-10:4791766458 ISBN-13: 978-4791766451 2400 + tax [amazon][kinokuniya]

■Contents (From "Book" Database)

How should we deal with such differences as age, gender, and disabilities in the modern society? Especially, this book tries to separate the issues of "paid work / unpaid work," which are disputed in the field of medical care / welfare, by discussing distribution of tax, basic income, re-examination of the relationship between labor and payment. This book is the mark of Prof. Tateiwa's sociology.

■Table of Contents

Introduction

Part 1 Differences and Equalities: Response to "How Much" and Discussion over Paying / Non-Paying TATEIWA

Chapter 1 The Way to Associate with Differences[TATEIWA]
1 Whereabouts of Problems
2 We Do not Have to Decide
3 Additional Portion concerning Differences of Bodies
4 We Rarely Have to Decide
5 Uniformity Is Good in Some Cases

Chapter 2 Unpaid Work / Paid Work [TATEIWA]
1 As a Means of Implementing Obligation
2 Is It Convincing?
3 Acquiring through Working
4 Unpaid Work / Paid Work (Conclusion)

Chapter 3 Care and Market [HOTTA]
1 Whereabouts of Problems
2 Reasons why Care Should Be Paid Work
3 Problems concerning Paid Work of Care Activities
4 Double Standard of Distributive Justice Theory for Care Labor
5 Care Labor in the Labor Market
6 Elements of Care Burden
7 Hard Work / Division of Labor / Distribution of Burden

Chapter 4 Care / Redistribution / Disparity [HOTTA]
1 Viewpoint of Examining the Theory of Making Care Paid
2 Caregiver / Position of Care Laborers: Criticism against Gap
3 Position of People who Are Provided Care: Criticism against Exclusion
4 Summary and Simple Plan

Part 2 We Decide not to Forget Close Past and Repeat the Simple Things [TATEIWA]

Chapter 1 What Was the "Change of Government"?  2009/10
1 What Was not Selected by Selection
2 Situation which Had not Been Changed for a Long Time
3 What We Call Koizumi Revolution
4 Circumstances over Change
5 What Should Be Questioned
6 Prospective Human Resources

[Supplement] Insisting the Simple Things Short Sentences×3
1 "There Was an Election. However..." 2009/09/05
2 Change of Government 2009/09/17
3 Reinforcement of Progressivity of Income Tax: Discussion to Aim for the Desirable Society 2010/05/27

Chapter 2 How to Take Tax and Distribute it: What I Thought I Insist in Repairing the Tax
1 Refering the Estimate and Bibliography
2 For Example, We Should not Be Deluded by the Argument of Decentralization of Authority
3 Basically, Money through Tax Should Be Distributed to Individuals
4 Repeating and Forgeting Makes the Present
5 The Corporate Tax Is Justified

Chapter 3 Although It Was Necessary to Change, It Receded into the Background  2010/05
1 Some Changes
2 Committee of Experts
3 I Do not Agree with the Part of Decentralization of Authority

Chapter 4 Earning Money through Work (Plan)  2008/10
1 Earning Money through Work as It Should Be Explained
2 β:Reward for Labors
3 α:Exchange with Labor / Incentive of Labor
4 Therefore, We Aim to Reduce the Disparity
5 Adjustment between what We Earn and what We Bear
6 Confirmation

 Conclusion

■Excerpt:

Part 1 Chapter 1 "The Way to Associate with Differences"

◆"What do you think about necessity and define it? It is regarded as very difficult to do so. To what extent should we regard what more important than what? It depends on each person. For example, if we measure it via satisfaction level, it depends. If we not only say that it varies, but are required to set priorities among them, can we do such things?"(pp.17-18)

◆"Basically, we do not have to regulate how much is 'minimum' or 'enough' standard. That is, dividing what we have should be done." (p.25)

◆"We do not have to arrange what are necessary goods and accumulate what is necessary for each goods. Therefore, there is no argument concerning what is necessary / what can be excluded in order to live." (p.26)

◆"First, we start from (I) the same amount. / On that basis, (II) additional ration should be made based on differences of people and situations they are placed. Moreover, (III) positively, labor is also pain / burden. Negatively, unless we can deny that payment works as an incentive, additional ration should be made." (p.36)

◆"I have to say that responding to individual differences is necessary in order for people to live to the same extent--which cannot be regulated accurately and it is all right." (p.37)

◆"If the reasonable standard is set, it is up to each individual how he/she will use the total amount. Then, the expenses which are necessary additionally should be paid upon request." (p.43)

◆"Within scope people conduct using the income which is set at the normal and desirable standard it is OK to pay the additional expenses in this society which is made for the majority." (p.44)

◆"What do we think about the additional expenses in case there are people who have a lot of income and would like to consume more by using the additional ones……concerning this, we can also take a position that in case the justification of having much more income cannot be acknowledged, it is OK for them to be responsible for all expenses. However, as long as the additional parts are reasonable, it is OK to pay the full expenses concerning the additional expenses." (p.51)

Part 1 Chapter 4 "Care / Redistribution / Disparity" [HOTTA]

◆"Tateiwa's argument mainly focuses on argumentation of the 'necessity' of paid work from the viewpoint of stable secure of fulfilling care needs or physical care. And he does not necessarily insist it be 'enough'. And concerning the 'necessity', that is true. However, it seems that in Tateiwa's argument, assertions toward individual daily actions and change of mind, after being regarded almost as same as the arguments denying paid work, are basically rejected. When we think about the desirable way of distribution of care, it is surely necessary to have the purpose of stable secure of physical care. And the most possible way to archive the purpose should be paid work. However, it can be considered that there is a purpose which is above secure of physical care, paid work itself is not enough. Rather, assertions toward individual daily actions and change of mind might be necessary." (p.210)

Part 2 Chapter 4 "Earning Money through Work (a Plan)"


"(1) If there is a right to live well, then there is an obligation to work for living.
(2) It is desirable to distribute its right and obligation fairly.
Although (1) connects with (2), it can be divided. (1) is the basic position and it is strongly asserted. Although (2) is not regarded as a supreme goal, it is regarded not only as a goal itself and but as a reasonable way to achieve (1)./There are some concrete ways. Concerning some parts, it is good for every member (or every person in charge of it) to do it directly partially./And in addition, in many cases, there is a way that after affirming division of labor what a person who works for the job consumes is provided, more concretely paying for its labor. What this means is working involves more pain than not working, so earning more is the right. Also, for people who are not directly engaged in the work, paying the tax for the person in charge of the action is an obligation to make instead of their not doing it directly." (p.335)


UP:June 5, 2012 REV:June 7, 2012 October 11, 2012 October 18, 2012 November 8, 2012
Translation by KATAOKA Minoru
Disability Studies ◇Basic Income ◇Social Policy 
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