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科学技術/所有・国際競争・国家戦略・…2004

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◆2004/07/08 「武田薬品工業が発明報酬の上限撤廃」
 読売新聞ニュース速報

 「武田薬品工業は7日、画期的な発明を行った社員に対し、業績への貢献度などに応じて支払う社内規定の「実績補償制度」を改正し、3000万円を限度としていた年間支給額の上限を撤廃したと発表した。
 上限撤廃のほか、貢献度を判定する対象期間を過去10年間と明確に定めた。
 従来は97年4月時点で販売されていた製品だけを対象としていた。今年1月の特許法の改正を踏まえ、発明者に対する処遇を手厚くする狙いがある。」
[2004-07-08-01:00]

◆2004/07/07 「特許報酬過去10年まで 武田薬品が労使合意=差替」
 共同通信ニュース速報

 「武田薬品工業は7日、社員の発明に対する報酬の支払い対象期間を、過去10年とする「時効」を設けることで労使が合意したと発表した。1商品につき年間3000万円だった報酬の上限もなくし、売上高に比例するよう改める。
 特許をめぐる訴訟で、企業に多額の支払いを命じる判決が相次ぎ、労使合意に基づく報酬算定ルールを重視するよう改正された特許法も来年1月から施行されるため、施行前に新基準を取り入れ、今後の訴訟リスクも回避したい考えだ。
 武田は1998年から報酬の支給制度を設けた。だが、制度導入以前の販売商品は対象外だった。
 今後、94年の時点で支給基準を満たしていた商品について、報酬額をさかのぼって計算し支給するという。」[2004-07-07-20:05]


 

Date: Tue, 26 Oct 2004 11:12:19 +0900
From: Takumo Yamada
みなさま

世界知的所有権期間(WIPO)において、WIPOが知的財産所有者の利害のみでなく、
開発目標と消費者の権利をしっかりと議題にすえる、とするブラジルからの提案
が採択されたそうです。

今後のTRIPSと医薬品アクセスの問題などに影響を及ぼすことになりそうです。


(特活)オックスファム・ジャパン
山田太雲

*http://www.ipsnews.net/africa/interna.asp?idnews=25876

South Gains Ground in Intellectual Property Debate /

/ Gustavo Capdevila *


*GENEVA, Oct 15 (IPS) - Countries of the developing South successfully
lobbied the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) to
incorporate development goals and consumer rights, to counterbalance the
interests of powerful nations and corporations, in a resolution adopted
Tuesday, Oct. 5. *

The decision by the WIPO general assembly "is a breakthrough move by the
U.N. body, which has been often accused of caring more for the rights of
intellectual property owners than of users, especially those in
developing countries," said a statement by Consumers International, the
worldwide federation of consumer organisations.

The proposal that was approved with a few modifications was introduced
by Brazil and Argentina with the backing of Bolivia, Cuba, the Dominican
Republic, Ecuador, Iran, Kenya, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tanzania and
Venezuela.

The resolution by the general assembly not only represents a victory for
the developing South, but also "a change in culture and direction for
WIPO...(which) will never be the same," said U.S. activist James Love
with the Consumer Project on Technology.

WIPO, which did not become part of the U.N. system until 1974,
administers the international treaties on intellectual property and
copyrights. It is unique in that it is made up of representatives of the
private sector as well as the member states.

"For generations WIPO has responded primarily to the narrow concerns of
powerful publishers, pharmaceutical manufacturers, plant breeders and
other commercial interests," more than 500 prominent scientists and
intellectuals from around the world stated two weeks ago in a document
titled "The Geneva Declaration on the Future of the World Intellectual
Property Organisation".

Consumers International observed that the resolution that was approved
by the WIPO general assembly contains many of the ideas expressed by the
Geneva Declaration.

The member states cannot ignore certain complaints that have been made
public, said Argentine representative Alfredo Chiarad}, who called for
WIPO to become a more receptive, transparent and inclusive forum for all
of its members and all sectors of civil society.

The final resolution adopted by WIPO includes the developing nations'
proposal to establish a "development agenda".

The organisation also decided to set up a working group to examine how
the new guidelines can be applied, which will hold meetings open to
observers from inter-governmental and non-governmental organisations,
and is to present a report on Jul. 30, 2005, to be submitted to the next
general assembly, scheduled for September 2005.

WIPO also committed itself to organising a joint international seminar
on intellectual property and development with other multilateral
organisations like the U.N. Trade and Development Conference (UNCTAD),
the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the U.N. Industrial Development
Organisation (UNIDO).

In the final version approved by the general assembly, the World Trade
Organisation (WTO) was also included in the list of international bodies
that will help organise the seminar, although it did not figure in the
original proposal set forth by Argentina and Brazil.

Industrialised countries were initially hesitant in their reaction to
the proposal, arguing that WIPO already deals with development issues
through cooperation programmes with specific countries or regions.

WIPO has a budget of 500 million dollars for the 2004-2005 period, 85
percent of which is covered by revenues from patent registration and
copyright systems.

But Uruguayan representative Guillermo Valles underlined that the
development focus advocated by the countries that backed the initiative
is not limited to technical assistance or cooperation.

"A WIPO development agenda would obviously need to take into account any
possible negative impact on the users of intellectual property, on
consumers at large, or on public policy in general, not just the
promotion of the interest of intellectual property owners," said a
delegate from India.

The group of developing nations argued that it is essential to reform
the existing intellectual property treaties to ensure that they favour
real transfer of technology to developing countries, and especially to
those defined by the U.N. as "least developed countries".

Anna Fielder, Director of the Consumers International Office for
Developed and Transitional Economies, said "The WIPO decision to move on
this resolution is good for creators and consumers alike. We
particularly welcome the willingness to look at increasing access to
knowledge and technology in developing countries."

The resolution also proposes an evaluation of the possibility of
suspending negotiations on new treaties that would strengthen protection
of intellectual property and place a burden on the fragile bureaucracies
of developing countries.

James Love said that "For years, WIPO has pushed to expand the scope and
level of intellectual property rights, and told developing countries
that this would help their development."

But "Today WIPO supported an entirely different approach, which
emphasised free and open source software, public domain goods like the
human genome, patent exceptions for access to medicine, the control of
anti-competitive practices, and other measures that have been ignored by
WIPO for years," he added.

(*This report, which was moved on Oct. 5, 2004, contained an error
regarding WIPO's budget, which totals 500 million dollars for the
2004-2005 period. We apologise for any inconvenience this may have
caused.) (END/2004)
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