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tr. by Tsuyako Miyasato **Ozawa, Makiko[1977:349] ... **Saishu, Satoru 1980 "I answer in the affirmative that wishing to bear a child healthy in both mind and body is a natural way of thinking in human nature. But is there any room left in us to recognize that those who oppose this natural way of thinking postulate awkwardness as part of humanistic nature as well?" (Saishu 1980,1984:80) **Singe, Peter[1993] "If disabled people who must use wheelchairs to get around were suddenly offered a miracle drug that would, with no side effects, give them full use of their legs, how many of them would refuse to take it on the grounds that life with a disability is in no way inferior to life without a disability? In seeking medical assistance to overcome and eliminate disability, when it is available, disabled people themselves show that the preference for a life without disability is no mere prejudice."(Singerm1993:54n) "To be able to walk, to see, to hear, to be relatively free from pain and discomfort, communicate effectively--all these are, under virtually any social condition, genuine benefits. To say this is not to deny that people lacking these abilities may triumph over their disabilities and have lives of astonishing richness and diversity. Nevertheless, we show no prejudice against disabled people if we prefer, whether for ourselves or for our children, not to be faced with hurdles so great that to surmount them is in itself a triumph."(Singerm1993:54n) **Miya, Akio[1996:2-3] "Would I be discriminating against the disabled by wishing my child to be born with a whole limb and be healthy?" "Probably..." "But, don't you think it is merely human to fell this way?" "It may be so, but there is no proof that this human feeling is right or discriminatory. For example, one might wish to eat better than others. Or, the same thing can be said about some people trying to push others down in order to be Number 1..." "Isn't that a little different from what I am talking about? I knew that I was going to take care of my child, and I would live throughout my life with him, so it doesn't matter what physical conditions he had when he was born. Even then, when he was ready to be born, I had hoped, for his sake, that he would be health. This was my honest feeling. Do I push others down because I have hoped for my child to be healthy?" "Don't you think that disabled are not very happy about hearing things like wishing for a healthy child to be born? They might feel the denials, or at least, feel that they are not accepted by society." "I'm disabled. But I don't feel that way..." (Miya 1996:2-3) **Saishu[1980>1984:75] "Where the common roots of the Environmental Hazard Movement and the Disabled Movement are shared... If I might express my opinion without fear of misunderstanding, the Environmental Hazard Movement is predicated on the human, pictured as health both in mind and body. One's wish to be physically healthy, or thought of as he/her should have been healthy, supports the Environmental Movement at the root. To this idea, Disabled Movement are the movements insisting that the disabled are also human beings." (Saishu 1980 & 1984:75) **Tsutsumi[1989:34-35] "For the dreadful nuclear power and radioactivity, I have rather abstractly written and said ewomen's anti-nuclear power plant' expresses themselves in edistraction of the balance in ecosystem.fI recently have been thinking this because it eharms my health.f If I said that, instantly I feel that I can hear the voices loud and clear: eSee, you too wish not to be disabled.f But I wonder if edisabilityfandehealthfare opposite.'" (Tsutsumi 1934-35) Tsutsumi's points contain in this book are quoted from the Bioethics Study Group Symposium in 1988. I also refer to the Bioethics Study Group Reproduction Technology Research Team, in their proceedings of 1992.) cf.Tateiwa[1997] Seiji Yoshikawa (1988) points to similar ideas. Opposition to the nuclear power plant is not because it produces disabled children, but because the nuclear power plant takes human life. He relates this to the movements of location, searching for the cause, investigating the Congenitally Disabled and the Parents of the Congenitally Physically Disabled Children's Group (Actually, this came a little later) that searches living conditions of the disabled. (Parents with Congenitally Physically Disabled Children's Group. Ed. 1982a; Nobe 1982, 1989a, 1989b, 1993) * Senda[1989] **Okahara & Tateiwa[1990:162¨1995:162] (Tateiwa[1997]chapter 9 note 19ipp.437-438) "The basic problem is that deliberately the definitions of disability have been raised for examination, denied, tied to the disabled people, and finally, the disabled are denied. To this problem, there is a direction of accepting the denial, facing the improvement, or searching for another direction..., but, as I have already indicated previously, it is an imperfect process. On that ground, conversely, I must say in this fashion of accepting that thing, which has been denied. Like this, a dividing point seems apparent. The fact is that giving rise to this type of choice is the problem, and making it ineffectual is of the utmost importance. Acknowledgement of the disability, as separate from disabled, a part of the total, and a totality itself, is not the problem. The important here is, there should be no need for accepting the denial." (Okahara & Tateiwa 1990:162, 1995:162) When a victim prosecutes his/her being discrimination and claims his/her rights, when one confined within the limits of the category set by the discriminator, are also mentioned by Naoki Sakai. (1996:211ff) But at the same time, for denying the denials, the works of exorcism are needed to drive evil sprits a way--the works of ebe affirmative' and elearn to like oneself.' That is why a person like Asaka (Asakai 1993) becomes a esorcerer/priestf for epurification.f"(Tateiwa 1997:438) * Tateiwa 1990 ... **Kato 1991 "Is it true that 'disability' and 'disabled' are inseparable? Are both terms may be used to combine certain situations forcefully? If we separate the affirmation and denial of the disability, is it possible for us to become critical about 'denials by disabled?' Women's liberation movement in early stage sought the same status for 'women' as for 'men.' The second stage took a reversed position from the first stage. In this second stage, the movement gave women the opportunity to define 'woman' in an affirmative way. This passage from one stage to the next is similar to the passage that the black liberation movement went through in the United States. Through the first two stages of change of the two opposite categories of 'man' and 'woman,' the process has brought expansion of their ideological and theoretical ranges. For the women who took part in the women's liberation movement, a denial, or acknowledgment of individuality as 'woman', could not be achieved as an 'I' by denial or acknowledgement only. Of course, nobody likes to their attributes to be judged by the attributes of others. One's individual attribution is insignificant; inevitably, denial of 'I,' irreplaceable to her, is secondary to the entire group, which can first only if when the individual "I" is subsumed by the group. But then, not many of us needed to end up in that situation." (Kato 1991a, cf. 1991c) * Tateiwa 1999 ... **Morimura 1987 in [1997] chapter 9 note 22 "Except for permission of abortion by free choice, those who oppose fetal screenings insist on arguing that people who avoid the screening nets, for children with congenital disabilities who pass through the screenings yield to neglect their rights. Logically, regardless of respect and consideration toward people who judgmentally avoid having severely disabled child, and people who are born with disabilities do exist concurrently." (Morimura 1987:117) Actually, in the United States, they accept this reconcilable people's right, says Shohei Yonemoto. (1989b) Japanese Version |