The Age of the Okinawa Struggle 1960/70:
Thoughts and Practices that Overcome Segmentation

■ONO Mitsuaki September 30, 2014　The Age of the Okinawa Struggle 1960/70: Thoughts and Practices that Overcome Segmentation，Jinbun Shoin, 342p.　ISBN-10: 4409240986　ISBN-13: 978-4-409-24098-4　3,800 yen＋tax　[amazon]／[kinokuniya]

■Contents

The Never-ending Practices of People who Keep Seeking Undiscovered Politics
On May 15, 1972 the administration of Okinawa was returned to Japan from the U.S. The Okinawa struggle means various social/cultural movements which critically questioned the policies on Okinawa both of the U.S. and Japanese governments around the time of Okinawa's "reversion" to Japanese sovereignty. In this book the author deals with Beheiren (Japan "Peace for Vietnam" Committee), Osaka Okinawa Rentai-no-kai (Osaka-Okinawa Solidarity Association), Ro Takenaka, Okinawa Young Beheiren, antiwar soldiers of the U.S. bases in Okinawa, Okinawa Seinen Doumei (Okinawa Youth Union) etc. and patiently pick up rich thoughts that tried to overcome the division of Okinawa/Japan/U.S. from huge tomes. Then the author connects micro research on social movements with macro research on the history of international relations. This book has excellence as historical sociology in that the author transforms the "Okinawa problem" from the problem of the island itself to the problem of the place where we live now.

"The Okinawa struggle was defeated in the sense that it was not able to prevent/change Okinawa's reversion to Japanese sovereignty with bases. And I already know about its defeat. However, it is impossible to discuss it by subordinating the past from the opinion and framework of people who live today. It does not mean that we should unconditionally praise and protect the past movements. It is necessary to describe inherently the act which faces the defeat desperately, craft sentences even with some resistance, accompanying its process. Although it is not clear to what extent I have achieved it, this book tries to describe inherently in this sense." (From Introductory Chapter)

■Table of Contents

Introductory Chapter
　　１　Okinawa Problem
　　２　Purpose of This Book
　　３　Research Review and Challenges of This Book
　　　　３‐１　Research on the Postwar History of Okinawa
　　　　３‐２　Research on the History of Cold War
　　　　３‐３　Research on the History of Social Movements and Social Movement Theory
　　４　Methodology of This Book
　　５　Organization of This Book

Chapter １　The Age of the Okinawa Struggle
　　１　Violence of the Postwar Period: Geopolitical Segmentation and the Cold War Regime
　　２　1950s: Resonance of Revolutional Nationalism
　　　　２‐１　Land Struggle in Okinawa
　　　　２‐２　Resonance of Revolutional Nationalism
　　３　Conflicts between the Cold War Regime and Okinawa Problem
　　　　３‐１　Conflict over the Japan-US Security Treaty in 1960 and Cold-war Segmentation
　　　　３‐２　People/Experiences/Movements the National Big March in Protest for Requesting Okinawa Reversion Connected
　　　　３‐３　Conflicts between the Cold War Regime and Reversion Movement
　　４　The Age of the Okinawa Struggle
　　　　４‐１　Conversion of Government Policy toward Okinawa
　　　　４‐２　Quantitative/Qualitative Change from Okinawa's Reversion Movement
　　　　４‐３　The Okinawa Struggle as Arena

Chapter ２　The Okinawa Struggle under Vietnam War: A Protest Held in Front of the Gate of the Kadena Air Base by Beheiren and Fight to Abolish Restrictions on Travel
　　１　Why and How Do We Tackle the Okinawa Problem?
　　２　Age of Vietnam War
　　　　２‐１　Vietnam War/Japan/Okinawa
　　　　２‐２　Formation of Recognition of "My Inner Vietnam"
　　　　２‐３　From the Anti-Vietnam War Movement to the Okinawa Problem
　　３　A Protest Held in Front of the Gate of the Kadena Air Base and Fight to Abolish Restriction on Travel
　　　　３‐１　An Arrest Incident of Participants fromthe Mainland Japan
　　　　３‐２　Rescue Operation and Release of Persons
　　　　３‐３　Fight to Abolish Restrictions on Travel
　　４　Congenial Anger and Heated Debate concerning Positionality
　　　　４‐１　Evaluation of Solidarity and Congenial Anger
　　　　４‐２　Toward the Structure of the Dichotomy of the Mainland/Okinawa
　　　　４‐３　Heated Debate concerning Positionality
　　５　Beyond the Structure of the Okinawa Problem

Chapter ３　Discovery of the Okinawa Problem in Osaka: A Case Study of Osaka Okinawa Rentainokai
　　１　Okinawa in My Hometown
　　２　Osaka and Okinawa
　　　　２‐１　The City of Refugees
　　　　２‐２　Senshu Region and the Textile Industry
　　３　Osaka Okinawa Rentai-no-kai (Deigo no Kai)
　　　　３‐１　"For Those who Cannot Forget Okinawa"
　　　　３‐２　Inaugural Meeting
　　　　３‐３　Outline of Its Activities
　　４ Finding of "the Okinawa Problem in Osaka"
　　　　４‐１　Star Festival as a Turning Point
　　　　４‐２　Efforts toward "the Okinawa Problem in Osaka"
　　　　４‐３　Spreading Okinawa Struggle
　　５　From Movements concerning Okinawa's Reversion to the Revolution of the Local Society

Chapter ４　Bankruptcy of the Reversion Movement and Sustainment of the Okinawa Struggle through Cultural Practices: Ro Takenaka, Reportage, and Shima Uta (Island Song)
　　１　Toward the Culture in the Okinawa Struggle
　　２　Lower Class and Entertainment Reporters
　　３　What Reportage Lights
　　　　３‐１　Takenaka's Footprints
　　　　３‐２　Reportage concerning Criticism against Okinawa's Reversion to Japanese Sovereignty
　　４　Activism on Shima Uta: Creation of the "Failure" of Okinawa's Reversion to Japanese Sovereignty
　　　　４‐１　Shima Uta as a Protest Song
　　　　４‐２　Making/Living the "Failure" concerning Okinawa's Reversion to Japanese Sovereignty
　　５　Culture and Politics

Chapter ５　Military Violence that Crosses and Movements that Cross the Border: Beheiren Movement and Antiwar Soldiers in Okinawa
　　１　Not the "Removal" of the Bases But the "Dissolution" of the Army
　　２　Global Antiwar/Antimilitary Movements and Okinawa
　　　　２‐１　Protest Movements of U.S. Soldiers
　　　　２‐２　Intervention of Global Antiwar/Antimilitary Movements into Okinawa
　　３　Beheiren in Okinawa
　　　　３‐１　Opposing the Vietnam War in Okinawa
　　　　３‐２　People who Have Nowhere to Go and Beheiren as a Style
　　　　３‐３　"Internationalism" of Okinawa Young Beheiren
　　４　Resonance of Anger toward the Military Regime
　　　　４‐１　Start of Cooperation: The Network of Beheiren
　　　　４‐２　Deepening Joint Struggles and Understanding: Crossing Violence and Resonance of Anger
　　５　Border Transgression and Conflicts: Reproduction of the Borderline
　　６　Vibration and Politics

Chapter ６　Conflicts between the Okinawa Struggle and the Nation State: A Case Study on Okinawa Seinen Doumei

　　１　The Epicenter
　　２　Birth of Okinawa Seinen Iinkai: Restart from Internal Contradiction of the Reversion Movement
　　３　Breakup of Okinawa Seinen Iinkai: Generation of the Conflictive Point
　　　３‐１　Conflict with Japan Revolutionary Communist League-National Committee
　　　３‐２　Manifestation of Differences of the Okinawa Struggle Theory
　　　３‐３　Conflict concerning the Struggle of the Trial of Junichi Tomimura: Reconsideration of Politics
　　４　Okinawa Seinen Doumei: Direct Action to Protest against the Diet in Okinawa
　　５　Cleavage of "Zainichi Okinawa-jin": The Okinawa Struggle and the Nation State
　　　　５‐１　Voice of Criticism
　　　　５‐２　Toward the Okinawa Struggle as Liberation Movement from Colonialism

Final Chapter
　　１　Dynamics of the Okinawa Struggle
　　２　Reconsideration of Okinawa's Reversion to Japanese Sovereignty or Creation of Politics
　　３　Toward Ahead of the Age of the Okinawa Struggle

Afterword
References
Related Chronology