Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association
American Psychological Association 2009 American Psychological Association, 271p.
last update:20101207
■American Psychological Association 2009 Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, American Psychological Association, 271p. ISBN-10: 1433805618 ISBN-13: 978-1433805615 \2620 ［amazon］／［kinokuniya］ ※
■内容
For the past 20 years Erikson, a sociology professor at Yale University, has studied comunities stunned by recent disasters. His first subject, Buffalo Creek, W. Va., which suffered from the break of an earthen dam in 1972, led him to write Everything in Its Path. Among the seven communities examined here are an Indian reserve in Canada whose water supply was contaminated by mercury, a Colorado neighborhood threatened by gasoline seeping from storage tanks, the towns near the Three Mile Island nuclear plant that faced the possibility of radiation contamination. Erikson found a consistent pattern: loss of self-esteem and faith in institutions, and heightened senses of dread and vulnerability. He finds similar responses among the homeless. Describing this kind of trouble as the product of human error, he reviews the decision to deploy the atomic bomb in WW II and addresses the plan to store nuclear waste at Yucca Mountain in Nevada. In the epilogue to these gripping case studies, Erikson advances the illuminating suggestion that communities can experience trauma jus"The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association" is the style manual of choice for writers, editors, students, and educators in the social and behavioral sciences. It provides invaluable guidance on all aspects of the writing process, from the ethics of authorship to the word choice that best reduces bias in language. Well-known for its authoritative and easy-to-use reference and citation system, the Publication Manual also offers guidance on choosing the headings, tables, figures, and tone that will result in strong, simple, and elegant scientific communication. The sixth edition offers new and expanded instruction on publication ethics, statistics, journal article reporting standards, electronic reference formats, and the construction of tables and figures. The sixth edition has been revised and updated to include: new ethics guidance on such topics as determining authorship and terms of collaboration, duplicate publication, plagiarism and self-plagiarism, disguising of participants, validity of instrumentation, and making data available to others for verification; new journal article reporting standards to help readers report empirical research with clarity and precision; simplified APA heading style to make it more conducive to electronic publication; updated guidelines for reducing bias in language to reflect current practices and preferences, including a new section on presenting historical language that is inappropriate by present standards; new guidelines for reporting inferential statistics and a significantly revised table of statistical abbreviations; and, new instruction on using supplemental files containing lengthy data sets and other media. This book includes significantly expanded content on the electronic presentation of data to help readers understand the purpose of each kind of display and choose the best match for communicating the results of the investigation, with new examples for a variety of data displays, including electro physiological and biological data. It offers consolidated information on all aspects of reference citations, with an expanded discussion of electronic sources emphasizing the role of the digital object identifier (DOI) as a reliable way to locate information. It features expanded discussion of the publication process, including the function and process of peer review. It contains a discussion of ethical, legal, and policy requirements in publication; and guidelines on working with the publisher while the article is in press. Key to this edition of the Publication Manual is an updated and expanded Web presence. Look up additional supplemental material keyed to this book. This book lets you test your knowledge of APA Style with a free tutorial on style basics. It lets you learn about the changes in the sixth edition with a free tutorial reviewing key revisions. Sign up for an on-line course to enrich and enhance your understanding of APA Style. Read the APA Style blog and share your comments on writing and referencing. Consult frequently asked questions to sharpen your understanding of APA Style. This title lets you examine additional resources on such topics as ethics, statistics, and writing. It lets you familiarize yourself with submission standards for APA books and journals.
Book Description
Softcover version of the authorship and style manual for researchers, practitioners, and students of psychology and other behavioral and social sciences. Includes new features on contemporary language issues and publishing standards.
Kinokuniya
Annotation
心理学はもとより社会科学・行動科学・看護学の各分野において広く利用されている定番のスタイル・マニュアル。８年振りの新版。
The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association is the style manual of choice for writers, editors, students, and educators in the social and behavioral sciences. The sixth edition offers new and expanded instruction on publication ethics, statistics, journal article reporting standards, electronic reference formats, and the construction of tables and figures.
■目次
List of Tables and Figures xi
Foreword xiii
Preface xv
Editorial Staff xvii
Introduction 3 (1)
Organization of the Sixth Edition 4 (1)
Specific Changes in the Sixth Edition 4 (2)
How to Use the Publication Manual 6 (3)
Writing for the Behavioral and Social 9 (12)
Sciences
Types of Articles 9 (2)
Empirical Studies 10 (1)
Literature Reviews 10 (1)
Theoretical Articles 10 (1)
Methodological Articles 10 (1)
Case Studies 11 (1)
Other Types of Articles 11 (1)
Ethical and Legal Standards in Publishing 11 (1)
Ensuring the Accuracy of Scientific 12 (4)
Knowledge
Ethical Reporting of Research Results 12 (1)
Data Retention and Sharing 12 (1)
Duplicate and Piecemeal Publication of 13 (2)
Data
Plagiarism and Self-Plagiarism 15 (1)
Protecting the Rights and Welfare of 16 (2)
Research Participants
Rights and Confidentiality of Research 16 (1)
Participants
Conflict of Interest 17 (1)
Protecting Intellectual Property Rights 18 (3)
Publication Credit 18 (1)
Reviewers 19 (1)
Author's Copyright on an Unpublished 19 (1)
Manuscript
Planning for Ethical Compliance 20 (1)
Manuscript Structure and Content 21 (40)
Journal Article Reporting Standards 21 (2)
Manuscript Elements 23 (17)
Title 23 (1)
Author's Name (Byline) and 23 (1)
Institutional Affilication
Author Note 24 (1)
Abstract 25 (2)
Introduction 27 (2)
Method 29 (3)
Results 32 (3)
Discussion 35 (1)
Multiple Experiments 36 (1)
Meta-Analyses 36 (1)
References 37 (1)
Footnotes 37 (1)
Appendices and Supplemental Materials 38 (2)
Sample Papers 40 (21)
Writing Clearly and Concisely 61 (26)
Organization 61 (4)
Length 61 (1)
Organizing a Manuscript With Headings 62 (1)
Levels of Heading 62 (1)
Seriation 63 (2)
Writing Style 65 (5)
Continuity in Presentation of Ideas 65 (1)
Smoothness of Expression 65 (1)
Tone 66 (1)
Economy of Expression 67 (1)
Precision and Clarity 68 (2)
Linguistic Devices 70 (1)
Strategies to Improve Writing Style 70 (1)
Reducing Bias in Language 70 (1)
General Guidelines for Reducing Bias 71 (2)
Describe at the Appropriate Level of 71 (1)
Specificity
Be Sensitive to Labels 72 (1)
Acknowledge Participation 73 (1)
Reducing Bias by Topic 73 (4)
Gender 73 (1)
Sexual Orientation 74 (1)
Racial and Ethnic Identity 75 (1)
Disabilities 76 (1)
Age 76 (1)
Historical and Interpretive Inaccuracies 76 (1)
Grammar and Usage 77 (10)
Verbs 77 (1)
Agreement of Subject and Verb 78 (1)
Pronouns 79 (2)
Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers and 81 (2)
Use of Adverbs
Relative Pronouns and Subordinate 83 (1)
Conjunctions
Parallel Construction 84 (3)
The Mechanics of Style 87 (38)
Punctuation 87 (9)
Spacing After Punctuation Marks 87 (1)
Period 88 (1)
Comma 88 (1)
Semicolon 89 (1)
Colon 90 (1)
Dash 90 (1)
Quotation Marks 91 (1)
Double or Single Quotation Marks 92 (1)
Parentheses 93 (1)
Brackets 94 (1)
Slash 95 (1)
Spelling 96 (5)
Preferred Spelling 96 (1)
Hyphenation 97 (4)
Capitalization 101 (3)
Words Beginning a Sentence 101 (1)
Major Words in Titles and Headings 101 (1)
Proper Nouns and Trade Names 102 (1)
Nouns Followed by Numerals or Letters 103 (1)
Titles of Tests 103 (1)
Names of Conditions or Groups in an 104 (1)
Experiment
Names of Factors, Variables, and Effects 104 (1)
Italics 104 (2)
Use of Italics 104 (2)
Abbreviations 106 (5)
Use of Abbreviations 106 (1)
Explanation of Abbreviations 107 (1)
Abbreviations Accepted as Words 107 (1)
Abbreviations Used Often in APA Journals 108 (1)
Latin Abbreviations 108 (1)
Scientific Abbreviations 108 (2)
Other Abbreviations 110 (1)
Plurals of Abbreviations 110 (1)
Abbreviations Beginning a Sentence 111 (1)
Numbers 111 (3)
Numbers Expressed in Numberals 111 (1)
Numbers Expressed in Words 112 (1)
Combining Numerals and Words to Express 112 (1)
Numbers
Ordinal Numbers 113 (1)
Decimal Fractions 113 (1)
Roman Numerals 114 (1)
Commas in Numbers 114 (1)
Plurals of Numbers 114 (1)
Metrication 114 (2)
Policy on Metrication 114 (1)
Style for Metric Units 115 (1)
Statistical and Mathematical Copy 116 (7)
Selecting Effective Presentation 116 (1)
References for Statistics 116 (1)
Formulas 116 (1)
Statistics in Text 116 (1)
Statistical Symbols 117 (1)
Spacing, Alignment, and Punctuation 118 (5)
Equations 123 (2)
Equations in Text 123 (1)
Displayed Equations 123 (1)
Preparing Statistical and Mathematical 124 (1)
Copy
Displaying Results 125 (44)
General Guidance on Tables and Figures 125 (3)
Purposes of Data Displays 125 (1)
Design and Preparation of a Data Display 126 (1)
Graphical Versus Textual Presentation 126 (1)
Formatting Tables and Figures 127 (1)
Table and Figure Numbers 127 (1)
Permission to Reproduce Data Displays 128 (1)
Tables 128 (22)
Conciseness in Tables 128 (1)
Table Layout 128 (1)
Standard Forms 129 (1)
Relation of Tables and Text 130 (1)
Relation Between Tables 130 (3)
Table Titles 133 (1)
Table Headings 133 (4)
Table Body 137 (1)
Confidence Intervals in Tables 138 (1)
Table Notes 138 (3)
Ruling of Tables 141 (1)
Presenting Data in Specific Types of 141 (9)
Tables
Table Checklist 150 (1)
Figures 150 (11)
Principles of Figure Use and 150 (1)
Construction
Types of Figures 151 (1)
Standards for Figures 152 (6)
Figure Legends and Captions 158 (3)
Planning Figures 161 (1)
Preparation of Figures 161 (1)
Presenting Electrophysiological, 161 (8)
Radiological, and Other Biological Data
Electrophysiological Data 162 (1)
Radiological (Imaging) Data 162 (3)
Genetic Data 165 (1)
Photographs 165 (2)
Figure Checklist 167 (2)
Crediting Sources 169 (24)
When to Cite 169 (1)
Plagiarism 170 (1)
Self-Plagiarism 170 (1)
Quoting and Paraphrasing 170 (4)
Direct Quotation of Sources 170 (1)
Paraphrasing Material 171 (1)
Direct Quotations of Online Material 171 (1)
Without Pagination
Accuracy of Quotations 172 (1)
Changes From the Source Requiring No 172 (1)
Explanation
Changes From the Source Requiring 172 (1)
Explanation
Citations Within Quotations 173 (1)
Permission to Quote, Reprint, or Adapt 173 (1)
Citing References in Text 174 (6)
One Work by One Author 174 (1)
One Work by Multiple Authors 175 (1)
Groups as Authors 176 (1)
Authors With the Same Surname 176 (1)
Works With No Identified Author or With 176 (1)
an Anonymous Author
Two or More Works Within the Same 177 (1)
Parentheses
Secondary Sources 178 (1)
Classical Works 178 (1)
Citing Specific Parts of a Source 179 (1)
Personal Communications 179 (1)
Citations in Parenthetical Material 179 (1)
Reference List 180 (3)
Construction of an Accurate and 180 (1)
Complete Reference List
Consistency 181 (1)
Using the Archival Copy or Version of 181 (1)
Record
Order of References in the Reference 181 (2)
List
References Included in a Meta-Analysis 183 (1)
Reference Components 183 (10)
Author and Editor Information 184 (1)
Publication Date 185 (1)
Title 185 (1)
Publication Information 186 (1)
Electronic Sources and Locator 187 (2)
Information
Providing Publication Data for 189 (4)
Electronic Sources
Reference Examples 193 (32)
Types and Variations 193 (5)
Examples by Type 198 (18)
Periodicals 198 (4)
Books, Reference Books, and Book 202 (3)
Chapters
Technical and Research Reports 205 (1)
Meetings and Symposia 206 (1)
Doctoral Dissertations and Master's 207 (1)
Theses
Reviews and Peer Commentary 208 (1)
Audiovisual Media 209 (1)
Data Sets, Software, Measurement 210 (1)
Instruments, and Apparatus
Unpublished and Informally Published 211 (1)
Works
Archival Documents and Collections 212 (2)
Internet Message Boards, Electronic 214 (2)
Mailing Lists, and Other Online
Communities
References to Legal Materials 216 (9)
General Forms 216 (1)
Text Citations of Legal Materials 217 (1)
Court Decisions (Bluebook Rule 10) 217 (2)
Statutes (Bluebook Rule 12) 219 (2)
Legislative Materials (Bluebook Rule 13) 221 (2)
Administrative and Executive Materials 223 (1)
(Bluebook Rule 14)
Patents 224 (1)
The Publication Process 225 (20)
Editorial Process 225 (3)
Peer Review 225 (1)
Manuscript Acceptance or Rejection 226 (2)
Author Responsibilities 228 (17)
Preparing the Manuscript for Submission 228 (3)
Complying With Ethical, Legal, and 231 (5)
Policy Requirements
Publisher Policy Requirements 236 (3)
Working with the Publisher When the 239 (1)
Manuscript Has Been Accepted
Checklist for Manuscript Submission 240 (5)
Appendix: Journal Article Reporting Standards 245 (10)
(JARS), Meta-Analysis Reporting Standards
(MARS), and Flow of Participants Through Each
Stage of an Experiment or Quasi-Experiment
References 255 (4)
Index 259
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